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Written by Amani Nilar. Written by Amani Nilar 10 Jan, am. Secretary to the Ministry of Energy, K. Volga stated that a shipment of Crude Oil is scheduled to reach Sri Lanka on the 23rd of this month adding that accordingly, steps will be taken to resume operations at the Sapugaskanda Refinery. The Sapugaskanda Oil Refinery was temporarily closed on the 03rd of January, due to the difficulties faced in purchasing crude oil given the prevailing foreign exchange crisis in the country.

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Other people might feel strongly they need to see four different areas while on the program. We always try to maximize the diversity of experience with different business units, and different finance functions. I get contacted from Chevron businesses all over the world looking for the talent.

Every month I send out an update that shows where everyone in the program is in the company, and what opportunities have come in.

Vault: What sort of rotations would they do outside of finance? Preston: Typically people cross over into two areas: planning and business development. The planning roles are corporate strategy roles within the business units—developing the business plan, the strategic plan for the organization, within overall corporate strategy. The business development roles might be supporting commercial teams looking for new opportunities. Vault: With the program having been in place for so long, there must be a lot of alumni from the program.

As the program manager I maintain all that information. We have two to three events a year that pull in all the alumni. We have a summer cocktail, where people meet the interns and the new hires. This year, the CFO was there, the head of investor relations was there, and other senior people. And every year we do the holiday luncheon and that pulls in all the alumni as well. These are typically in the Bay Area.

About a quarter of the alumni are international now. Vault: Is there any resentment among other finance professionals toward what might be thought of as an elite group? Our industry is enonnously comples, so you have to be humble and learn from the experienced people around you. You also have to be very capable so that you can take these learnings and produce superior results in a short period of time six months or less for the rotations.

Vault: Do most of the people who join the program have energy industry experience? Preston: Not necessarily. A lot of people have finance backgrounds or economics backgrounds. Will they thrive in our culture or clash with it? I then use the second round to push on the technical skills. Can they do the job? We have 90 percent retention over 10 years. Vault: Is there a formal mentoring program? Preston: We do not do a formal mentor matching in the finance program, but some of the other programs do.

Instead, our alumni are very receptive to program members. I facilitate connections and our members find diverse and successful mentoring relationships that way. The defense industry produces a complementary group of goods, including satellites, ships and submarines, tanks and armored vehicles, and guns, bullets, explosives and other weapons. These industries are closely allied, with companies frequently participating in both spheres.

The aerospace industry makes most of its money by supplying individuals and commercial airlines with planes for business or pleasure. The commercial airline industry is notoriously cyclical, operating at the mercy of the business cycle; factors like the price of airline tickets and terrorism or the threat thereof can also affect the number of people who travel by air—and hence the rate at which airline companies purchase new planes.

Take it to the skies The commercial aircraft market is dominated by archrivals Boeing and Airbus, who also have interests in defense contracts- Boeing derived nearly half its revenue from government contracts in , while archrival Airbus is partly owned by EADS, the European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company. Smaller players, like Textron which owns Cessna , Embraer and Bombardier also have interests in both commercial and military aircraft and technology.

Plane dealing The biggest rivalry in the industry is between U. These companies are the two largest suppliers of large jets to airlines, and the summer of saw them battling it out with their newest offerings. Airbus hopes to tempt buyers from the airlines that ferry large numbers of people between major airports with its A3 80, a double- decker a double-decker plane of Brobdingnagian proportions.

The composite structure also means several passenger-pleasing features, like larger windows and higher cabin pressure and humidity.

As of a few days before its official launch, the plane is the fastest-selling commercial airliner yet. China is reveling in its newfound industrial might, and plans to launch its own aircraft manufacturer.

Speaking of international relations, the defense portion of the industry has been affected by a wave of large mergers, as well as a shift in the way wars are fought. Aside from all that getting and spending, the defense industry is also coping with changes in the methods of warfare. Modem battles are unlikely to be fought on a traditional battlefield against a professional army fielded by a government, and to be more like the agonizing and protracted conflict going on in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Of course, this means that enormous tanks are out—and smaller, faster and lighter equipment is in. Automation is also a growing trend. Machines, unlike humans, never need to sleep or eat, are always paying attention, and can be easily repaired or replaced in the event they are damaged. The device, which is about the size of a breadbox, consists of a fan in a cylindrical housing which provides lift as well as a small payload of wireless cameras and other sensors.

The MAV can hover inches above a suspected bomb, allowing it to be more closely examined, or climb to about 10, feet for surveillance of a larger area. Remotely operated sensors are also the latest trend in border surveillance. In , Boeing set up its first mile stretch of monitored border between the U. Aimed at preventing smuggling and illegal immigration, the border security consists of a series of towers outfitted with radar, cameras, loudspeakers and data links.

The towers are tall enough to see over trees and other obstacles, and allow rangers to monitor the movements of people as far away as several miles. After Richard Branson, owner of a number of Virgin properties, announced that he would be offering space tours via Virgin Galactic in , EADS Astrium, the space wing of the European defense giant, announced in that it would be offering 1.

The space ship, which has yet to be built, would take off like an ordinary jet before lighting its rocket. More prosaically, most effort in the space division of aerospace is devoted to the design, launching and maintenance of satellites for GPS devices, communications, weather prediction and research, television and radio. Working in the Industry According to the AIA Aerospace Industries Association , in , million people were employed in the aerospace industry, and only about half of those jobs were in manufacturing.

In addition to engineers, defense industry employers are perennially seeking employees with security clearances. In order to obtain one, an employer either a corporation or the government must sponsor an employee, who must be a U. In order to woo their newest hires, major aerospace firms like Boeing and Lockheed Martin are getting all Web 2.

Boeing lured in potential job seekers with the promise of a shot at winning an iPod, as well as sponsoring a Facebook group for former interns. Now what? What went wrong? What was your role in the situation? What was the outcome? If so, how did you find out what you needed to know? Only U. Looking up In the long term, both the aerospace and defense industries are poised to grow. Growth in this sector might be tempered by an economic downturn in the U.

The U. Fairfield, CT Phone: Fax: www. Bethesda, MD Phone: Fax: www. Cleveland, OH Phone: Fax: www. Waltham, MA Phone: Fax: www. Providence, Rl Phone: Fax: www. Allied industries provide the infrastmcture that makes this possible, including rail and road transportation, pesticides and fertilizers, and processors that transform raw products into comestibles. Looking at the numbers, the agriculture industry is a massive undertaking. To feed the protein-ravenous masses, more than , cattle and , hogs are slaughtered every day in the U.

Cotton and wool are agricultural products, as are animal byproducts, ornamental plants, tobacco, lumber and the various fhiits and grains used to produce alcohol. The industry, unsurprisingly, is huge, accounting for 1 percent of U. The farmer’s dilemma Despite its significant contribution to the GDP, agriculture is very risky and often unprofitable.

Profit margins, especially for crops such as soybeans, wheat and com, are very low, so these plants are frequently grown on large, industrial farms, as tiny returns per acre make small-scale farming economically unfeasible.

Emits and vegetables offer higher returns on lower acreage, but the investment in plants, soil preparation and the necessary labor-intensive harvesting makes the likelihood of farmers breaking even in the first few years unlikely. Farmers are also at the mercy of pests, plant diseases and weather, the king of all X-factors. While insecticides and pest- and disease-resistant strains of plants can mitigate these risks, they of course cannot be entirely controlled.

Further complicating matters is the fact that commodities such as com, soybeans, and wheat are subject to market forces. To wit: a good harvest suppresses the price of a commodity and lowers profits, while a poor one raises prices but causes shortages. This inverse relationship between productivity and profit has plagued agribusiness for decades. Government subsidies for com, wheat, milk, cotton and a number of other farm products also affect the equation.

All of the issues detailed above have forced the consolidation of farms and processing firms. ConAgra, at one time a major farming firm, is currently divesting its agricultural business to focus on branded and value-added packaged foods. Meanwhile, Bayer, Dow and DuPont all have a stake in biotech, fungicides and pesticides, each with its own crop sciences division.

Monsanto, meanwhile, is a leader in the genetic engineering field. When you think of com, what initially comes to mind is probably something edible: creamy com on the cob dripping with golden butter, crisp, salty com chips or sweet sodas.

Archer Daniels Midland is one of the largest agricultural processors in the world, turning oilseeds like soybeans , com, wheat and nuts into food products like flour, sweeteners and emulsifiers, as well as plant-derived wood preservatives, industrial starches which become everything from wallboard to glue and ethanol.

Fueling a greener future Demand for biofuel has made the past few years a boom time for com producers like Archer Daniels Midland. The flurry of activity around the hot new fuel has caused com prices to spike and com production to swell—farmers planted In its purest form, biodiesel releases 75 percent less carbon dioxide than petroleum diesel. The growing popularity of biodiesel has increased demand for soybeans whose oil is commonly used for biodiesel , as production of the fuel tripled from to alone, reaching 75 million gallons a year.

Bean there, done that Biodiesel aside, soybeans have taken a bit of a beating as of late, due to the sudden and resounding condemnation of trans fats in American foods. Soybean farmers are being pressured to grow beans low in linolenic acid a substance that causes soybean oil to go rancid , thereby eliminating the need for hydrogenation while keeping the soybean oil flavor intact. Rather, agribusiness is as tech-focused and cutting-edge as every other industry these days. Steroids, hormones and antibiotics, for example, are routinely administered to U.

Hormones are also applied to fiuits and vegetables. In order to ship Suit long distances, it must be picked before it is fully ripe to withstand the trip.

Once it reaches its destination, it is treated with ethylene, the chemical which, in nature, causes fiuits to ripen. Modem poultry flocks, for instance, are so large that sick animals frequently carmot be isolated, so producers treat all the birds that may have come into contact with the infected individual by adding antibiotics to their drinking water.

Feed lot-fattened, corn-fed cattle must be given antibiotics, too, lest the distress caused their digestive tracts by eating com kill them. Antibiotics are more widely used in subtherapeutic doses, or doses not large enough to cure an infection, a practice that encourages the proliferation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria much as with a human who takes antibiotics at the first sign of every sniffle. Without competition, resistant bacteria can spread rapidly throughout a population and subsequently be transferred to people who eat raw or undercooked meat.

Begun, this clone war has Beyond antibiotics and hormones, recent biotech advances have become major issues in the agriculture industry.

While farmers have been selecting crops for higher yield, greater disease resistance, better flavor and other desirable qualities for the last 12, odd years, we are now able to manipulate individual genes in order to express specific traits.

Genetic engineering has produced Golden Rice, designed to accumulate vitamin A—insufficient quantities of which can cause blindness and even death in children—in the edible portion of the grain, a boon for cultures in which rice is the staple crop and a varied diet imassured.

Researchers are looking into growing oral vaccines for hepatitis B and HIV in tomatoes, potatoes, and even tobacco. Embedding dmgs in plants promises a less expensive method than traditional vaccine production, which would make large- scale vaccination of the populations of poorer countries possible.

Today, nearly all soy and half of the com grown in the U. Scientists are also begirming to explore these methods for use on animals, seeking to increase egg and milk production, change fat content and speed maturity. Genetically modified varieties of catfish and tilapia, designed to grow faster, are already for sale in some countries, while bulls are being cloned in order to improve the breeding stock of cattle.

Pet fish implanted with genes that produce luminescent proteins have been available for purchase since However, such tinkering has spawned a number of advocacy groups that fear unforeseen consequences. Many groups argue that direct genetic manipulation could produce harmful side effects that simple hybridization and crossbreeding would not, while others warn that herbicide residue might remain in the tissues of resistant plant varieties, or that engineered genes might cross into wild plant populations.

The debate rages on, on a global scale: Mexico barred biotech companies from planting genetically- modified com within its borders in October That same month, Japan increased its testing of rice imported from the U.

The organic green giant Consumers, motivated by concerns about the above, as well as factory farming, animal cmelty and the health of the environment, are increasingly demanding organic, ethically-treated, free-range, and antibiotic- and hormone-free food products. That year, organics accounted for 2. Many businesses are taking advantage of this surge in organic interest. The supermarket chain Whole Foods, started in and one of the more popular purveyors of organic produce, has the highest profit margin per square foot of any grocery store.

At the other end of the spectmm, Wal-Mart began offering organic products in Faced Visit Vault at www. You just can’t get good help these days Despite the increasing reliance on machinery to do the grunt work of the agriculture industry, there are still some jobs that require that human touch.

A solution to the problem remains elusive; an immigration bill that would give illegal immigrants a chance to obtain legal status was defeated in the Senate in June , making meatpackers and farmers worry about increased raids and dwindling applicants. Picking up the bill Every so often Uncle Sam takes a look at the current policies aimed at aiding the agriculture industry in the form of the highly contentious Farm Bill.

The incarnation will determine the direction of the agriculture industry for the next five years, taking rmder its aegis a broad range of ag-related issues including genetic modification of crops, organic farming, nutrition and farm subsidies.

Government subsidies have a big impact on the American diet, since subsidized crops are less risky for farmers to produce, and thus cheaper for consumers to buy. Another bone of contention in the pending farm bill has to do with the influx of imported food. Consumer groups want that imported food to be labeled as such, arguing that Joe American has a right to know from whence came his beef. Opponents namely, the meat lobby say that the cost of such labeling would overburden the industry, and have successfully limited such labeling to seafood despite legislation requiring country-of-origin labeling on meat, produce and nuts.

However, in light of recent scares regarding imported foods—including the massive pet food recall in March due to tainted wheat gluten from China, and the subsequent closing of Chinese food plants in June after a nationwide inspection—those calling for enforced labeling of imported food are likely to find more sympathetic ears in Congress, analysts say.

From farmhand to finance An enormous range of man- and womanpower is required to keep the culture of agriculture humming along. The agriculture industry is exceptionally diverse when you consider the number of different segments it encompasses. Operations include fish hatcheries, apple orchards, flower nurseries, slaughterhouses and more. Fann workers who account for 90 percent of industry employees require minimal training, but the Bureau of Labor Statistics BUS expects that more efficient machinery will reduce the number of such jobs in the future.

However, small-scale farming, especially of the organic variety, is expected to grow. Agricultural graders sort products, such as fruits and eggs, and inspectors evaluate the cleanliness of processing facilities. These professionals generally require both an agriculture degree and a background in the field. The agriculture industry has plenty of opportunities for those who want to avoid getting their hands dirty, as well.

Commodities merchants are needed to buy and sell grain, cocoa and other articles of commerce to ensure a consistent supply. Ecologists consult for the farming world as consumers and the government grew more concerned about the environmental impact of factory farming on the land and ecosystems.

Along with the usual jobs in HR, sales and IT, lawyers and MBAs are needed to keep good business practices and make sure everyone plays by the mles. Although agriculture has been around since, oh, say, the dawn of modem man, the industry is constantly trolling for advanced technologies and the scientists who create them. Chemists come up with coloring and flavoring agents and new uses for agricultural byproducts. Agricultural scientists devise new food-processing methods, study soil and animal management, and frequently consult for the government or food processing companies.

Bioengineers tweak genetic codes to create herbicide- resistant plants, Mexican jumping beans that can do the Lindy hop, or whatever other special function is required of an organism. Agricultural engineers design farm equipment for increased efficiency and reduced environmental impact. Depending on the career path they wish to pursue, these people generally have advanced degrees. The BLS reports that the agricultural scientist and engineer industries, specifically, are expected to grow by 14 percent between and Vault: Tell me a little bit about your position at ADM.

Barbee: I primarily work on new business development, looking at the possibility of new products in my division to see what will be profitable for the company. I take a look at competition. Also, as it is important to keep open lines of communication with our customers, I will go out on sales calls to see what ADM products are working best for them or what could be changed. Vault: Who are these customers? ADM products go into food, animal feed, fuel and industrial products, so as a company we have customers in all of those markets.

Vault: As a product manager, what types of positions are your main customer contacts? Barbee: I interact with research and development, as well as purchasing. With purchasing, I discuss the price of our products. Vault: Is there a particular product set you work on? Barbee: Yes. These are additives that go into food and industrial products. Vault: Tell me a little bit about your background. Where did you earn your MBA?

Vault: Was it a full-time or part-time program? At the time, I was working for a different company as a financial analyst. Once I earned my MBA, I joined ADM as an assistant product manager for lecithin, a release agent you can find in cooking spray and chocolates, among other things. Vault: How did you end up transitioning from your finance background into your current position? Were you looking for a change? Barbee: Actually, when I was in graduate school, one of my professors asked me what I was currently doing.

As I told him I was in finance, he told me I was in the wrong profession, and that I needed to get in sales. As a product manager. It was a perfect fit. Vault: So what is the project cycle like? How long does it take to launch a new product? Barbee: It takes about 18 months to two years to get a new product out. Vault: And how many would you release in a year?

Products can be tweaked many different times before they are released. There are usually about eight to 10 products in the pipeline.

Vault: Does your involvement with a product end once the product is approved? Barbee: No. From there a plant is built, and while the plant is being built, I interact with the plant to make sure everything is OK.

Our main goal is to use our resources to help meet the needs of today and tomorrow for our customers. With marketing. Vault: What is the most recent product you launched?

Barbee: Calcium citrate. Barbee: I would probably say marketing and finance. Also, just being a leader in a group. My cost accounting skills definitely play a huge role in launching a new product.

Vault: How do you find working for a large employer like ADM? ADM tends to attract and hire the best people. There are also benefits working at the headquarters of a large organization.

At that wellness center, there is also a medical facility with an on-site doctor that employees can use. The allure of brand management Marketing encompasses a wide variety of meanings and activities.

Some marketing positions are very close to sales, while others set overarching marketing strategy. What marketing positions have in common is the sense of ownership over the product or service, as well as the need to understand customer needs and desires and translate those needs into some kind of marketing communication, advertising campaign or sales effort. The manager of product or service marketing is called the brand manager—he or she is the ruler of that marketing universe.

The business world is now realizing that strong brands and solid marketing programs drive shareholder value, and that companies can no longer make fundamental strategy decisions without truly understanding how to market a product.

The titles of brand manager, product manager and to a lesser extent, marketing manager are often used to describe the same function—some companies use one title, others use another. Marketing manager tends to be used in industries other than consumer packaged goods; product manager is often used in tech industries. How important is the individual brand manager?

Consider the company to determine the level of brand manager responsibility. The first factor: the size of the company relative to its number of brands. For a company with hundreds of different brands—Nabisco, for example—brand managers, or even assistant brand managers, may have a great deal of power over a specific brand. At companies with a few core products, brand managers will focus on narrower aspects of a brand.

Global brand managers are more strategic, concentrating on issues such as protecting brand equity and developing product offerings that can be rolled out into subsidiaries. Local brand managers are more tactical. Local managers focus on executing global plans that are delivered to them, and tweak them for local consumers. Also know that with the increasing trend toward globalization and the truly global presence of certain brands, companies have sought to impose more centralization and tighter controls on the marketing of those brands from country to country.

In the past, individual country Visit Vault at www. Now, companies have established tighter guidelines on what can be done with regard to a brand around the world, with the goal of protecting and enhancing the value of the brand and ensuring a consistent product and message worldwide.

Finally, consumer goods companies place varying levels of importance on their brand or marketing departments. Some companies, such as the Ford Motor Company, are driven as much by financial analyses of production costs or operations considerations as by marketing.

The level of emphasis on finance or operations matters at a firm will influence not only the independence and authority of marketing managers, but also potential marketing career paths. At some companies, marketing is the training ground for general management. At General Mills, marketing is considered so important that employees in other functions who show promise are plucked from their positions and put into the department.

Careers in Marketing Taking charge of a brand involves tackling many diverse job functions—and different subspecialties. Brand management In a typical brand management organizational stmcture, positions are developed around responsibility for a particular product rather than a specific functional expertise i.

In brand management, the marketing function is responsible for key general management decisions such as long-term business strategy, pricing, product development direction and, in some cases, profit and loss responsibility. Brand management offers a terrific way to learn intensively about a particular product category you could be a recognized expert on tampons!

The core of brand work is brand strategy. Brand managers must decide how to increase market share, which markets and demographic groups to target, and what types of advertising and special promotions to use. In both cases, the brands have benefited from a shift in brand identity, and consequently, a shift in their market. Brand identity is normally created and confirmed through traditional print, radio and TV advertising.

Advertising is usually produced by outside agencies, although brand insiders determine the emphasis and target of the advertising. It is the job of the brand manager to influence the performance of those groups— over whom he or she has no direct authority—in order to optimize the performance of his or her brand or product line.

Direct marketing Ever wonder who is responsible for making those coupons you receive in the mail? You can thank direct marketers. Direct marketers are masters in one-to- one marketing. Direct marketers assemble databases of individual consumers who fit within their target market, go after them with a personal approach, and manage the production process from strategy inception to out-the-door distribution.

It operates in multiple media such as the Web, telemarketing and in-store promotions. Marketers are able to track the online habits and behavior of customers.

They can then serve up customized banner advertisements that are much more likely to be relavant to them. Many consumers have agreed to receive promotional offers on certain subjects— marketers can then send them targeted e-mail messages that allow for much easier access to purchase or action a click on a link, for example than a conventional mail direct marketing programs.

Marketers must manage the relationship between any two entities. If Disney wants to promote the cartoon du jour with McDonalds, or Pepsi wants to make sure that all Six Flags theme parks have a Pepsi Ride, then marketers ensure both parties are getting what they need out of the deal and staying true to their own brand image.

On the other hand, brand managers always have some pricing leeway that can greatly affect market share and profitability. Sometimes it makes more sense to win market share while taking lower profits.

How do brand managers justify their prices? Through extensive research. Paper towels, for example, may be much more price-sensitive than a luxury item like engagement rings or foie gras.

At some companies, such as those that sell largely through mail order, or those with complex pricing systems, pricing and promotional offers may be limited to what the operational sales system can handle. The forecasts are used to determine production levels.

Once a year, brand groups draw up budgets for their production, advertising and promotion costs, try to convince the finance folks that they absolutely need that amount, get less than they ask for, and then rework their budgets to fit the given budget. Many people choose to enter the world of high-tech marketing because they want to work with products and technologies that reshape and improve the word around us.

These marketers feel that they would rather change the way a person interacts with the world in a sophisticated way, rather than spend time understanding what hair color teenagers find most appealing. High tech marketers spend much of their time understanding research and development issues and working on new product launches. Technology companies like Intel, Dell, and Microsoft have recognized the power of branding and are utilizing traditional marketing tactics more and more.

Marketing a service or software product versus a more tangible product is a bit different. It may be a bit more challenging to understand how consumers relate to the product.

Inventory and distribution issues may be tracked differently. Market research If you are an analytical person who enjoys numbers and analysis, and enjoys tracking consumer behavior, then market research may be the field for you. A product is much more effective when a company understands the consumer it is targeting. Market researchers employ a variety of different qualitative and quantitative research techniques to understand consumers. Researchers who find that consumers associate lemon scents with cleanliness, for example, may suggest that cleansers could drive up sales by adding a lemon aroma.

Marketing consulting Although most well-known consulting firms are known for their expertise in general strategy, many consulting firms now hire industry or functional experts that focus on marketing issues.

These firms need people with expertise in the areas of branding, market research, continuous relationship marketing, pricing strategy and business-to-business marketing—they tend to hire people with previous marketing experience and value consultants who have been successful marketing managers and have lived through the full range of business issues from the inside.

McKinsey and Monitor are two general strategy finns that have begun to hire marketing specialists. Other boutique marketing consulting firms, such as Kurt Salmon, focus on certain product categories like beverages, health care and retail. Major ad agencies are also attempting to reinvent themselves as marketing partners focused on marketing strategy beyond simple advertising.

You must learn how to balance your time and prioritize. It is very easy to get comfortable maintaining the businesses rather than creating new opportunities. A more realistic look at a day in the life of a brand manager a. Get into work. Listen to voicemails. Check e-mails. Meet with market research department to discuss specifics of your latest round of quantitative research. Budget meeting to detennine how you will be spending second quarter funds. Given the decision to spend more money on research, you might need to cancel an instant redeemable coupon or a local promotion in a poorly performing market.

You head to the long-awaited product development meeting. Your team has recently discussed reformulating your product to take advantage of new technology. The group must decide whether these changes are strategically and financially justified. As always, very few people agree.

You decide to summarize all the costs and benefits to the project and present the issues to your brand manager at the status meeting you have scheduled for the end of the day.

A fancy lunch with a People magazine salesperson. For months the magazine has tried to convince you that your product should be advertised in People. During lunch, the represenative explains to you how the publication can effectively reach x percent of your target audience and how it can provide you with the extended reach you need to communicate with potential new users.

You leave lunch with a fancy People backpack and a headache. Where can you find the money to add People to your media plan? More often, brand managers, who are very focused on their jobs, grab lunch at a corporate cafeteria and take it back to their desks.

Media planning meeting. Because sales of your product have come in slightly under budget, you have been forced to give up 10 percent of your media budget. You now must meet with the media department to determine how to cut media Visit Vault at www. Maybe you can cut out two weeks of TV advertising in July when not many people are home anyway.

Decisions, decisions. Time to review changes to the latest advertising campaign. Your ad agency presented a new concept about three weeks ago that needed work. You and your brand manager made comments to the storyboard a drawing that explains a commercial and now you are anxious to see what the agency has produced. You review the changes with the agency via conference call and promise to present the new work to your brand manager at your status meeting later in the day.

Keep the ad agency on the phone and bring in the in-house promotions department. This ad campaign will be introduced into a promotional campaign in the top performing markets in the country. You want to make sure that before you get the promotions people working on a concept, they agree with the agency on the strategy going forward. The following 45 minutes is a creative brainstorming session that offers wonderful possibilities. You promise to type all ideas up and distribute them to the group later in the week.

Strategy development with sales manager. Your category manager is insisting that all brands work to gain a better presence in supennarkets. You meet with the regional sales manager to understand what types of strategies might work to get better shelf space and more consistent in-store promotions. Once you hear his ideas, you start to price options and see if this is possible within your reduced current budget. Status meeting with brand manager. You present your proposal for increased research expending as well as the implications of the new product development issue.

You also review the latest advertising changes and the changes to the media plan. You aggressively present your data and your opinion, and discuss these with your boss. The two of you decide on the next steps. End of the day. At Campbell, we define diversity as the vast array of human differences and similarities, inclusive of everyone.

In order to compete and succeed in a changing marketplace we must cultivate and embrace a diverse employee population that fuels our growth and enriches our global culture. As part of our Campbell’s Vision, “Together We Will Do Extraordinary Things in the Workplace and Marketplace,” our commitment to building and strengthening teams has the greatest focus of our leadership. We must have diverse perspectives, talents and teams to meet this business challenge.

You won’t find a better place for your talent, ideas and experience than at Campbell Soup Company. We recognize our consumers, brands and employees as the pillars of our business. Paul, MN Phone: 1 10 Fax: www. Louis, MO Phone: Fax: www. Hasbro, Inc. Crew Group, Inc.

Wrigley Jr. The energy sector produces, converts and distributes fuels to produce heat, light and propulsion. Oil, natural gas, and coal are burned to make heat and electricity. Wind, flowing water, and sunlight are converted into electricity. Oil is refined to propel cars, planes, and industrial machines. And to achieve these things, the companies who are producing, transporting, converting and distributing these energy sources are supported by a variety of service firms, investors, equipment providers, and government regulators.

In contrast, the electric power business revolves around converting fuel to electricity in power plants and distributing that electricity to consumers.

The economics of the two fields, and the regulations that govern them, are quite distinct. Generally, people make their energy careers in one camp or the other, without too much crossover. Natural gas is one arena that bridges the oil gas versus electricity divide—it is extracted from the earth together with oil, and is also a primary fuel for generating electricity.

This guide takes a broad view of the industry, covering upstream exploration , midstream refining and downstream distribution and sales oil and gas activities, electric power generation and transmission, equipment manufacturing, regulatory oversight, and lending to, investing in, and advising companies involved in the sector.

Just how big is the industry that comprises all those diverse activities? Energy-related businesses employ about 2. Energy companies as a whole employ a high percentage of production workers the people who drive local utility repair trucks, laborers on oil rigs and gas station attendants , compared to other industries; of the 2. The subject of this guidebook is the , energy-related business jobs out there: the business analysts, finance associates, marketing managers, economic modelers and operations consultants, to name a few roles.

In contrast, the investment banking and investment management sectors together capture 40 percent of graduates, and consulting absorbs another 20 percent Even the significantly smaller high tech industry takes on three times the number of new MBAs as does the energy sector. What this means for you as a job seeker is that the energy sector is not as dominated by people with graduate business degrees as some other popular arenas.

There is plenty of opportunity for smart, well-trained college graduates to rise through the ranks without going back to school. Sector US employees in managerial, business or financial positions Pharmaceuticals and biotechnalagy 50, Telecommunications , High technology , Banking and investment management , Energy , Consulting , Entire economy 11,, Visit Vault at www.

In order to pursue a job in the energy sector, your first decision is what type of position you want—in other words, what functional role you want to play. Your function has a lot more impact on the nature of your job than does the type of company in which you work. What Type of Company? Job functions and company types intersect in numerous ways—for example, you can do corporate finance in a large oil company or with a small fuel cell manufacturer, or choose between asset development and trading within a given utility.

Upstream is considered the glamorous place to be, where all the big decisions are made. Upstream jobs also involve heavy international work, with many employees sent off to new postings around the world every three years or so. The majors are known for excellent rotational training programs, and a fair number of people take advantage of those programs and then jump over to independents for good salaries.

Oil companies pay well in general, but jobs are not necessarily as stable as one might think. When oil prices drop, company operating profits are dramatically impacted, and layoffs are fairly common. American oil jobs are overwhelmingly concentrated in Houston. International hot spots include London, Calgary and the Middle East. They operate refineries to distill crude oil into its many commercially useful petroleum derivatives, like gasoline, jet fuel, solvents, and asphalt.

Refineries are, in theory, built to last 40 years, but some have been around for as long as 80 years. That means that new refineries are rarely built, and the refinery business is mostly about managing the razor-thin margins between purchased crude oil inputs and revenue from refined product outputs.

Oil services companies Oil services companies provide a very wide range of outsourced operational support to oil companies, such as owning and renting out oil rigs, conducting seismic testing and transporting equipment. The fortunes of these companies follow the price of oil: when oil is expensive, oil companies drill a lot and make a lot of money, so business volume and revenue increase for their oil services contractors. Working for an oil services company probably means working in Texas or internationally, and can feel very much like working for an oil company, given the similarity in issues and activities.

Pipeline operators Pipeline operators own and manage tens of thousands of miles of petroleum products and natural gas pipelines. Many of them also operate oil intake terminals, engage in commodities trading and energy marketing, and own natural gas storage facilities or petroleum refineries as well. Unlike the major oil companies, pipeline operation companies are not household names— nonetheless, the largest ones take in several billion dollars in annual revenue, comparable to the scale of a medium-sized oil company.

Utilities Utilities are, by definition, located all over the country—everyone has to get their electricity and gas from somewhere, of course. However, as a result of massive consolidation among utility holding companies, the corporate offices for your local utility may not necessarily be that local.

There are presently about 50 investor-owned utilities in the country, but industry insiders predict that in a few years mergers may leave us with as few as Utilities differ greatly in terns of their lines of business: some have sold off most of their generation assets and are primarily distribution companies with power lines as their primary assets; others may own large amounts of regulated power plants, and may also own non utility generators or individual independent power plants.

As the electricity market fell apart starting in , most IPPs sold off their assets piecemeal to large utility holding companies or financial institutions. Transmission grid operators Transmission grid operators, known as independent system operators ISO or regional transmission operators RTO , provide a power generation dispatch function to a regional electricity market.

This is an extremely complex process, and necessitates the analytical skills of electrical engineers and other generally quantitative and analytical operations staff. The major gas turbine manufacturers, for example, also offer engineering, procurement and construction of entire power plants.

The equipment manufacturers in the energy industry are not particularly concentrated in one geographic area, though of course many of the oil business-oriented ones have major offices in Texas. Investment funds Investment funds are a diverse bunch: mutual funds private equity funds and hedge funds. As a whole, the investment fund world is fairly concentrated in Boston, New York and San Francisco, but there are small funds dotted all over the country as well.

Mutual funds hire stock analysts primarily out of MBA programs to track, value, and recommend stocks in a particular sector e. However, there are a lot of other finance-related positions inside these massive firms where undergrads are sought after as well.

The number of hedge funds in the U. Hedge funds often hire people out of investment banking analyst programs. They tend to not hire people out of the mutual fund world, given that their valuation approach is so different, their investing horizon is so much shorter, and their orientation many times is towards short-selling as well as buying stocks.

While some hedge funds may focus exclusively on energy, most are generalist and opportunistic with respect to their target sectors. Private equity funds invest money in private i. You are not following the stock market or incorporating market perception issues into your valuations and recommendations; instead, you are taking a hard look at specific operating issues, identifying concrete areas where the portfolio company can lower costs or enhance revenue.

A few private equity firms specialize in energy investing, and many more do occasional deals in the energy space as part of a broader technology or manufacturing focus. Private equity firms hire just a few people straight out of college or MBA programs, and many others from the ranks of investment banking alumni.

Banks Banks are primarily involved in lending money to companies, but they also have their own trading operations, private wealth management, and inveshnent analysis groups. Commercial and inveshnent banks arrange for loans to energy companies, as well as syndicate loans i.

The banking world is overwhelmingly centered in New York and London , with some smaller branches in Chicago and San Francisco. Consulting firms Consulting firms offer rich opportunities for those interested in the energy industry. Consulting on business issues rather than information technology or technical, scientific issues is done at three types of firms: management consultancies, risk consulting and economic consulting shops.

Business consulting firm offices are located in most major cities, but much of the energy sector staff may be located in Houston, Washington, D. Nonprofit groups Nonprofit groups are tax-exempt corporations pursuant to IRS code c 3 engaged in issue advocacy or public interest research.

Advocacy groups may focus on developing grassroots support for public policy changes, publicizing public interest issues or problems through direct actions, or working to influence politicians to enact or change legislation. Most of the energy-related advocacy groups focus on environmental topics, though some also cover corporate financial responsibility and investor protection issues. Think tanks are public policy research institutes, staffed mainly by PhDs who generate research and opinion papers to infonn the public, policy-makers and media on current issues.

Interestingly, the think tank is primarily a U. Some think tanks are independent and nonpartisan, whereas some take on an explicit advocacy role. Nonprofits are funded by individual donations and grants from foundations, and accordingly a substantial portion of their staffs are dedicated to fund raising.

Most energy nonprofits are based in Washington, D. Government agencies Government agencies at the federal and state levels regulate the energy markets and define public energy and environmental policy.

Federal agencies are mostly located in Washington, D. Jobs can include policy analysis, research project management or management of subcontractors. The energy agencies tend to hire people with environmental or engineering backgrounds, and are lately following a policy of hiring people with general business and management education and experience. Energy services firms Energy services firms help companies in any sector reduce their energy costs.

Working for an energy services firm is similar in many respects to consulting—except that you go much further down the path of implementation. Typically, an energy services firm first conducts an energy audit to understand where a company spends money on energy: electricity, heat and industrial processes.

This can involve investments and activities such as putting lightbulbs on motion sensors, upgrading the HVAC heating, ventilation, air conditioning system, negotiating better rates with the utility suppliers or developing a cogeneration power plant adjacent to the factory.

Often, the energy services firm receives payment for these services in the form of a share in the net energy cost savings to the client.

These firms are located across the country, with a few of the largest clustered in Boston. As in other techno logy-intensive sectors, the energy sector is populated by a disproportionate number of people with technical degrees i.

In many energy jobs, the prevalence of people with technical pedigrees is somewhat a function of self-selection; individuals interested enough in the energy sector to make it their career were usually also interested enough in related topics to focus on them academically. On top of that, the prevalence of technical people is also self-reinforcing; in other words, engineers like to hire other engineers. There is also arguably an element of reality underpinning the preference for people with certain academic backgrounds—engineers communicate best with other engineers, and have proven in school that they can learn the ins and outs of a complex subject area.

This tendency is most characteristic of hiring preferences among oil companies, oil services firms, refineries, pipelines, grid operators, equipment manufacturers, energy services companies and utilities.

Even for their MBA hires, these companies often look for technical undergraduate degrees or pre-MBA work in energy or another technical field. However, there are certainly many people with liberal arts backgrounds doing great work at these types of companies.

A nontechnical degree does not in any way shut you out of any energy sector career path; it simply makes you slightly more unusual in the eyes of some interviewers.

In addition, if you are applying for a finance, economics or accounting job with a degree in those fields, you are also less subject to scrutiny about your knowledge of geology, electrical engineering or chemistry. Once you have a couple years of experience in the industry, that serves as a degree equivalent and you will have established your credibility.

Many of the service jobs in energy are interested in simply hiring smart people who demonstrate an ability to learn a new industry quickly. Energy consulting, banking, and investing jobs often screen for nothing different than their counterparts in other industries.

Similarly, the newer, alternative energy companies are often heavily filled with people who studied liberal arts, economics and government in college. These companies are progressive in terms of their business strategies, and usually this comes across in their approach to hiring as well.

In addition, nonprofits typically first look for passion and commitment to advocacy work before they look for technical background.

Apart from academic background, traditional energy employers are also keenly interested in people who have a strong connection to the geographic region in which the company is located. These companies like to hire for the long term, so will often grill out-of-state candidates about why they would want to move to, for example, Houston or Atlanta. This can mean that, for a Houston oil company position, an MBA from Rice is a more attractive candidate than one from Wharton.

In fact, the energy sector offers particularly rich opportunities for students from second-tier undergraduate and graduate schools. Energy companies know that their industry is not typically considered as hot and glamorous as some other industries, and they can therefore often be skeptical about recruiting from name-brand undergraduate and graduate schools.

The bottom line is that energy, as an industry, is simply less hung up on name-brand schools than some other industries, i. Moreover, during the past few years of our sluggish economy, many traditional energy companies tightened their recruiting budgets and reduced focus on first-tier schools—at the same time as service companies like consulting and banking firms reacted to a slow economy by canceling recruiting at second-tier schools and concentrating on only a limited set of top schools.

Of course, those in the know are well aware that the energy sector is one of the most intellectually challenging, influential arenas in which to work! If you want to work in the sector, you can certainly seek out the energy employers, regardless of whether they visit your campus or target people from your ahna mater.

Lateral hires of people a few years out of college or post-MBA are relatively rare, unless you have some specific industry background or functional experience a company needs.

This reluctance to hire laterally from other industries is far less common in the services sector consulting, banking, investing, nonprofits. These employers are more interested in functional knowledge and pure brainpower, rather than a track record in one particular industry or another though they have their own intransigence about hiring people laterally from other functional areas, i.

One caveat for those who move from one firm to another to position themselves for a future job: traditional energy employers like stability. If you have a lot of different jobs on your resume, you should make sure to have a good story to explain the necessity of your job-hopping, and why you are long-term play for the company whether you truly are or not. This is true when interviewing with any firm, but large, traditional energy firms are certainly more sensitive to the issue.

Dearborn St. Irving, TX Phone: Fax: www. Main St. Akron, OH Phone: Fax: www. Houston, TX Phone: Fax: www. Occidental Petroleum Corporation Wilshire Blvd. Houston, TX Phone: www. These companies tend to hire for finance, supply chain issues or CRM. Typically, you need a consulting, finance or marketing background to get a post-MBA job in the industry.

Very few apparel companies have established programs to specifically hire MBAs. Flillary Shor recruits for the strategy and business development and consulting and assurance services groups of Gap, Inc.

These groups are relatively small about 20 to 30 people per group. The Strategy and Consulting groups look for candidates with consulting or industry experience such as consumer products, goods or retail. Some of our candidates come from consulting firms such as A. Kearney and McKinsey.

Basically, this group acts as an internal consulting group for Gap. Team members may work with outside consultants and vendors. Getting Hired Build your resume correctly and you can get the interviews you need.

In apparel, most of the job functions are very specific, such as design, merchandising, marketing, production and so on. Many of the people who work at these companies may have gone to trade schools or been in the industry for a long time.

For example, the president of Gucci used to work as vice president at Richard Tyler. He was young when he left Richard Tyler for Gucci, but he had started working there when he was If you are interviewing for an internal consulting position, more than likely it will resemble a traditional consulting interview.

You may be given a case study as part of the interview. See the Vault Guide to the Case Interview for more information on this type of business interview. Other jobs at fashion companies for MBA graduates may include planning, finance or strategy. There are two options here—you work to get the experience or to learn enough to start your own business. If you are thinking of the latter, gain experience that will help you manage your own business. For example, if you want to open your own jewelry store, get a job merchandising or selling jewelry.

The best way to learn all sides of the business is to experience it yourself. The pay in the fashion industry is more negotiable than other industries. Most companies will not release this infonnation and, because these jobs are not necessarily geared toward MBAs, the salaries are not standard. After college, she worked as a program manager for DaimlerChrysler to coordinate the launch of a particular program in the automotive plants.

I came to Anderson knowing that I wanted to do something totally different. Fashion companies would have looked at my resume and questioned my interest. At Anderson, she joined the Fashion and Retail Association and began to do her research so that she could merge her interests and career goals. Through the database, she found alumni and contacted them to speak about their experiences. She worked there for three months in the summer and is now there fulltime.

Her first project was about handbag assortments. Her goal was to figure the optimum assortment level. She analyzed the number of styles bought for each cluster of stores, available table space for the handbags and discounted handbag sales versus regular stock. Her second project was to standardize colors across a group of buyers. Each buyer used an individual color coding system. Remember to handle yourself professionally and seek advice prior to providing proper notice to the employer.

A successful job or internship search begins with preparation and is consistent throughout the process. Take a look at these steps to help get yourself off on a good foot. Resume – See samples starting on page Cover Letter – See samples starting on page References or Letter of Recommendations 4. LinkedIn and other social media platforms – See page Keep in mind the following: 1.

Have realistic expectations. Consider a range of opportunities, so you have a plan A to plan D. Create a timeline. How often will you search? How many applications will you submit each week? Track your progress. Keep a copy of the employers, position titles, submission dates, and more. Networking is one of the most effective search approaches, so tap the TCNJ Alumni network, your connections and more! Here are quick tips to help you get started, see more on page X.

Start with people you already know. You never know who can connect you to someone. Make new contacts. Attend events held on campus. Use social media, especially LinkedIn. Meet someone at a networking event?

Follow up! After researching and discovering job openings and beginning to network, start applying! Give yourself plenty of time—start a semester before you hope to intern. Places to start:. Handshake – tcnj. LinkedIn – linkedin. Career and Internship Fairs 5. Company and Industry Specific Websites. Start with the tips below, and then see pages X – XX for more information. Review your responses for common interview questions and consider a mock interview. Dress professional and arrive early. See page XX for dress tips.

Be mindful of your digital footprint across various social media accounts – which one can you use to support your professional goals? The goal is to cultivate lasting and mutually beneficial professional relationships that will help you get connected, discover opportunities and get ahead. To succeed at networking, maintain relationships and stay in periodic contact with those in your network. Employers prefer to hire people they know within their personal or professional networks.

By fostering connections through networking, you raise your chances of gaining access to those unadvertised positions! Professionals network throughout their career to create new opportunities, develop their careers, provide opportunities to meet interesting people who share interests, and because it can be fun! As a student, you are connected to professors, classmates, family, friends, acquaintances, supervisors, administrators and co-workers!

Ask your existing contacts for an introduction to someone who may prove helpful. Actively engage in your classes and build relationships with your professors. Network beyond campus. Take advantage of inperson and online events where you can make new connections. Send a thank you or a follow-up email to every person you meet or gives you advice.

Be reciprocal and remember to help those who help you. Be genuine, confident, positive and enthusiastic in all communications.

Not comfortable using video? Share that in advance, and people will understand. Which platform will use you use? Try a test connection to make sure if you need something installed, you have that in place. Are you in a space where you can have a conversation online? With a membership that large, it has become a go-to source for companies in their hiring process. There are several social media and networking sites that can help you in your search.

Each tool has it strengths but whatever you decide to use, be intentional and strategic. You are branding your talents that can be viewed by a variety of potential employers.

Make sure your message is consistent and reflects you in a positive light. Below are a few tips to get your started on the platform, update your profile, and begin to unlock the potential of a strong network. Professional Photo. Not a professional head shot, but a quality photo with a clean background, appropriate dress, and a picture of only you. Catchy Headline. A short, memorable, and professional headline can set you apart. Think about your experience and the message you want to quickly convey.

Including a short link to your LinkedIn profile in your email signature and on your resume can be powerful for recruiters to see. Professional Summary. Keep this clear and concise including your qualifications and goals. Add Experience. Search for people you already know or have met recently and send them a quick, individualized message. Be mindful of what content you post on Facebook and who you are connected to?

Do you want to use this for professional goals? If the answer is yes, then create a policy of who you will give access to and if you need to remove anything. You can also follow company pages here to stay updated on the latest news, events, and opportunities.

Similar to Facebook and Instagram, think about your message and if you want to pivot your Twitter account s towards your professional endeavors. Twitter is an excellent platform to learn about an organization and to interact. Regular, relevant posts and proper tagging of content can help you get discovered by a potential employer. Follow relevant profiles, consider what you can post to demonstrate your brand and qualifications, and engage with your followers and accounts you follow.

Posting consistently can help you carve out a niche and interacting with accounts can build your followership. A simple formula to help you answer this question in 60—90 seconds is called the Present-Past-Future formula. Think about including year in school, major, minor s , and current involvement on and off campus.

Focus on transferable skills and accomplishments that would be valuable to the employer. Find out who they are and how that is relevant to you. This will make you more confident and leave a lasting impression. My name is Sam Smith. This past summer, I had an opportunity to intern with XYZ Newspaper, where I provided research and editorial support to a team of staff writers, and was recognized for my acute attention to detail and ability to meet deadlines consistently.

Post graduation, I am seeking a full time position utilizing my editing skills and became interested in your organization after attending an alumni panel. Can we discuss any opportunities you may have available for someone with my skills and experience?

Also, make sure you understand how the individual would like to be addressed. What are their pronouns? How do you properly announce their name? Finalize your pitch to ensure it is cohesive, that it is seconds long when you speak, and that you can clearly articulate what makes you AWESOME and the uniquely you. Utilize Big Interview, a subscription available to all TCNJ students, to practice your elevator pitch and other common interview questions.

You record your answers and can play back to see if you need to improve. Visit career. They provide time effective methods of initiating relationships with a number of employers.

Prepare your resume and print multiple copies. Have your resume reviewed during open hours in the Career Center. Research companies attending the fair. You can see what positions they have available, what majors they are interested in, and view their company profile.

Brainstorm questions to ask the employer. They stimulate conversation and help you learn more about their organization or industry eg. Identify organizations that you would like to visit at the fair. Practice your elevator pitch. Briefly describe your background and what you are looking for.

See the next page for more tips. Professional dress is key for a first impression, figure out what you want to wear. A suit is highly encouraged and is the most appropriate option. However, if you do not own a suit, these items are also acceptable: skirt and jacket, conservative business dress, pant suit, a button-down shirt, tie, sport coat and nice slacks.

Shoes should be comfortable and professional—with socks that match or stockings. Remember you will be on your feet for a while so make them comfortable. Do not wear sneakers, flip flops, platform heels, etc. Keep jewelry, makeup, and perfume or cologne to a minimum.

Make a game plan. When you arrive, view the layout of the fair to locate the companies you are interested in meeting. There may be employers with lines of students waiting to speak to them. If time is short, go to the employer with a line last.

Typically employers will stay until they have met with everyone in line, but the employer without a line may leave early. Introduce yourself and shake the employers hand. Ask your questions and be sure to answer any of theirs. Remember that this is a two way street. If a company is not sounding like the right fit, graciously thank them for their time and move to your next company.

Collect a business card or contact information of companies you are interested in before leaving the conversation. Jot down notes from each conversation to follow up. Send thank-you emails referencing your discussions to employers within 48 hours. Many students understand that the federal government continues to be a substantial employer for fulltime and internship opportunities.

With over 2 million employees, the federal government is the largest employer in the U. Despite the opportunities available for work with the federal government, students sometimes lack a clear understanding of the options and processes open to them.

Given the need for workers in all branches of the government, especially due to ongoing anticipated retirements, opportunities created and other reasons, positions are open for all college majors. Though an executive order was signed to overhaul the federal hiring practices in June , agencies will continue to look to applicants using skill assessments, interviews with subject matter experts and other knowledge and abilities to identify their successful candidates.

When applying start early! Most agencies operate on a day hiring model, however those needing security clearance may take a bit longer. A good benefits package can add as much as 30 percent to your overall compensation, Many organizations that have recruiting programs aimed at hiring new college graduates offer a wide range of benefits. Participation Agreement Guidelines: 1. This is why if selected for an oncampus interview, you are expected to interview.

If you do not attend your interview, your Handshake account will be suspended, disabling you from utilizing the site until you meet with a career advisor. I understand my failure to participate in On-Campus Interviews for which I was selected may lead to dismissal from the On-Campus Interview program. Reneging is rare and not an acceptable practice. If you accept an offer and then turn around and accept an offer from a different organization, you will be asked to meet with a career advisor and lose Handshake privileges 6.

The Career Center informs organizations you have submitted to on your behalf. Students can expect:. Career and Leadership Development to provide students with equal access to all opportunities. Employers can expect:. Career and Leadership Development to provide all employers that meet program guidelines with equal access to students. Career and Leadership Development expects:. Employers can expect :. The Office of Career and Leadership Development is committed to providing an exceptional recruitment process through which students and employers can explore future opportunities.

Do not hesitate to contact us at career tcnj. Some organizations may pose as potential employers to collect personal information from or to defraud job seekers. Here are steps you can take to verify the legitimacy of an employer:. Does the End all communication. If personal information website match up with the posting? Does the was provided, monitor your accounts and stop website look legitimate?

Look to see if the payments. Match the e-mail address to the company Report any fraudulent activity to your bank or domain. Watch for e-mail addresses that are credit card company immediately. We Be leery of non-approved employment flyers will review the situation, notify others and on college campuses and other report incidents.

If the incident occurred entirely over the Research the company on websites such as internet, file an incident report with the FCC at Glassdoor. Many employers have access to resumes via career centers.

Therefore, reach out to your career center should you have any concerns or questions. Keep your private information private! Always check an organizations dress code before you begin working, and dress to impress for interviews and career or internship fair settings. Here are some tips to help get you started. Clothes should not be ripped or stained. Khakis, dress pants or skirt with collared shirt. Remember, it is always better to be dressed more professionally than the interviewer AND you can meet with someone from our team for specific questions you might have about this topic.

Deciding whether or not to pursue further study and when can be difficult. Is it right for you? Go now or take time off? Consider your options and goals before committing to pursuing a graduate degree. Research your future career and determine which programs support these goals.

Selecting a Graduate or Professional School Determine the appropriate degree i. Rankings e. Do you value their criteria? Consider whether schools provide research opportunities and offer the interactions and experiences needed to succeed.

Contact programs to learn of the opportunities they offer. As you begin researching, keep these dealbreakers in mind. To find it, utilize resources, visit the Career Library and speak directly to the schools.

Try to visit them. Ask questions, This will help you to learn about financing options and to check out the program. Financial Aid terms you should know:. Forms can be found at: www. Ask the department or program to which you are applying about specific assistantships teaching, research or graduate. Typically one year elapses from the time you begin researching programs to the day that you start graduate classes. If you plan to attend the fall after graduation, begin the application process the summer between your junior and senior years.

Deadlines range from late fall to early spring. Most applications require an essay or personal statement. Answer the exact question s asked. Testing information can be found on—line. See Interviewing Section, for assistance. Mock interview appointments are available through the Career Center.

Identify where the faculty focused on your interest areas work? What are you able to invest? What financing options does the school offer? Can you identify other sources? Do you plan to work while in school or attend school full time? Do you want a program that focuses on research or practicum? Where do you want to live both during and after your program?

Where have past graduates secured employment? Does the program assist graduates in securing employment? I would like to be a leader in the field of epidemiology. I have worked toward this goal by co-authoring an epidemiology course manual with my former professor, publishing articles for both professional and public audiences, and completing advance coursework in epidemiology, statistics, and biology.

Some of my objectives for graduate school are to collaborate with the Boston College BC faculty on research projects and to publish information in professional journals as well as public-oriented media types. Moreover, I would like to continue producing classroom resources for epidemiology faculty and students.

Together with my former epidemiology professor, Dr. Don R. This document comprises over PowerPoint slides and supplementary materials that introduce students to the basic concepts of epidemiology. Morbidity and mortality, screening tests, study designs, and causation are just a few of the topics discussed within the manual.

I have attached sample excerpts from this manual to my application. Writing is a population-based approach to preventing and controlling diseases. One of my objectives for graduate school is to collaborate with the Boston College Office of University Communications to publish articles on disease prevention and healthy living. In my articles, I would like to apply the knowledge from my TCNJ epidemiology courses to provide readers with information that they can use to enhance their health and well-being.

I would also enjoy opportunities to assist BC faculty in writing articles for professional journals and grant proposals for the National Institutes of Health NIH. Epidemiology research enhances existing perception of people and their environments, and this perception leads to more effective methods to prevent and control diseases. I would like to research infectious disease epidemiology under Dr.

Nadia Abuelezam, an epidemiology professor in your program. The above mentioned studying took place at the graduate level, where I was one of few undergraduate students. I will also be pursuing graduate level coursework in Fall My previous epidemiology experience, academic preparation, and personal qualities have prepared me for the expectations of your program. My objective for graduate school is to combine rigorous academic study with hands-on experience, and I believe the greater Boston area and BC offer extraordinary opportunities for these endeavors.

Lastly, I believe that I can contribute to your program through research, publishing, and multidisciplinary collaboration. It is important to recognize that all your past experiences, including jobs, volunteer work, classes, projects, leadership and extracurricular activities have taught you valuable skills which can demonstrate to employers that you are a qualified candidate!

These skills that you carry with you to other life experiences are known as transferable skills, and learning to market your transferable skills can help give you an edge in a competitive job market! To help you identify some of your transferable skills, complete the worksheet below. Think about experiences you have had where you have acquired these skills. After identifying your transferable skills, see how you can connect them to your future career plans.

Identify YOUR transferable skills! Consider your work, volunteer, leadership, activities, coursework, projects and experiences! Practice connecting your skills to future jobs! You can achieve this by presenting your education, experience and abilities in a positive, professional and inviting manner.

In your resume, convey the successes you experienced in your work, school and activities, as well as your eagerness to join their profession. It comes in many different forms and is different for everyone.

Full-time, part-time and summer work, internships, assistantships, volunteer work and military experience can be included here. Experience may be divided into several categories.

Within each category, in reverse chronological order, include: title, name of employer or organization, location of employer and dates of employment e. Describe skills and accomplishments you developed through each position. Use action verbs to begin descriptions e. Activities 1. For your leadership experiences, showcase the skills you have developed through your activities e.

Skills 1. List skills relevant to the position you are seeking e. If you are in a technical or scientific field, this section should be a major focus of the resume e. References Prepare a separate page and list the name, title, and contact information for individuals who agree to serve as references on your behalf. Indicate your relationship e.

When sending your resume electronically: 1. Save your resume into a PDF version in addition to the formal version. Provide a descriptive subject line e. Write a cover letter in the text of the e-mail. Attachments will not always be opened by receiver. Attach a formatted copy of resume in your regular format.

Use this same paper for all of your hard copy correspondence, including cover letters, thank you letters and your Reference Sheet. Use the same heading name, contact information for your resume, cover letters, thank you notes and reference sheet.

Demonstrate Your Experience Use action verbs to express abilities and achievements. They can help to articulate your accomplishments and responsibilities. Use present or past tense as appropriate. EMPLOYERS use the correspondence sent with resumes, after interviews or when accepting or declining job offers to evaluate professionalism, writing skills, and interest in a position.

It is important to develop a basic letter for each, but personalize your correspondence for the opportunity you seek. Do not use Social Media, i. Include the following in your letter:. Who do you want to read the letter? Attempt to get the name of an individual, if not, direct it to a position or group i. What position do you seek? How did you learn of the position? What are you asking of the employer? Why are you specifically interested in the position? This is where you should market your background to the specific opportunity.

Avoid repeating your resume. Instead of skills and experiences, focus on your skills and examples by focusing on the characteristics you possess that will make you successful in the role. Give examples to demonstrate how you portray the qualifications outlined in the job description.

Expand on your qualifications. Has the employer requested salary requirements? If NO, do not bring it up. If YES, use Salary. Include the following: 1. Your appreciation for time and consideration. An aspect of interview that went well, one thing you want to clarify from the interview, OR one thing you failed to mention that enhances your ability to do the job.

Your next step. A brief summary of what you offer e. As I prepare to be graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Communication Studies, a minor in Marketing, and related internships, I am confident that my background and skills will enable me to actively contribute to XYZ. The classes I completed at The College of New Jersey have provided me with knowledge of community relations, public relations, and marketing, and through them I have developed strong skills in public speaking, debating and writing.

During my internship experiences, I worked on various public relations initiatives, promotional campaigns and grassroots marketing efforts. During the summer of , through a public relations internship at MSG Network, I demonstrated responsibility, organizational abilities and an understanding of corporate culture while compiling daily news clippings into packets that were used throughout the company and creating a weekly newsletter, utilizing Microsoft Publisher.

In addition, I developed strong knowledge of media outlets, while writing advances and summaries for popular network television shows for distribution to the media. Through this experience, I developed a strong understanding of the sports industry.

During this time, I managed college contests and promotions from planning to implementation, gaining knowledge and understanding of the execution of digital marketing and promotional campaigns.

To: hamiltontwpschools njschools. Please consider me for a fulltime elementary teaching position in grades two through four. As a May Elementary Education graduate from TCNJ, I have the qualifications and experience required to be an effective leader within your district.

My dedication and enthusiasm for student learning and achievement complements the commitment of the students and staff in the Hamilton Township school community. Enclosed is my resume for your review. I would be pleased to discuss the details of my qualifications in a personal interview.

Please contact me at your earliest convenience. I can be reached at and sgervay tcnj. Thank you for your time and consideration. Sincerely, Sebastian Gervay Attached: Resume. Date Dear Ms. Through my job search and conversations with leaders in the investment banking arena I have developed a deep respect for the professionalism that characterizes Goldman Sachs and its employees.

As a result, I would like to be considered for your Investment Banking Analyst Program, that requires refined analytical and communication skills.

Additionally my work experience at Bloomberg has provided me with the technical skills necessary to understand leading financial networks. My educational background in business, combined with my internship and work experiences, provide solid preparation for a career with Goldman Sachs. Please review the enclosed resume and references and consider my application for your Investment Banking Analyst program. I would appreciate the opportunity to come to New York to meet with you to discuss the program and possible job opportunities within Goldman Sachs.

I will call your office next week to request an interview. I look forward to exchanging ideas with you concerning a career at Goldman Sachs and the positive contributions I would offer as a member of your organization.

Thank you for your consideration. Alexis Ayala. References Dr. Dear Mr. As a result of our conversation, I am enthusiastic about the opportunity to join the NBC Universal team! Specifically, I was intrigued to learn about the level of interaction pages have with all aspects of the organization – from customer relations to production. The page position is the perfect complement to my major in Communication Studies at The College of New Jersey, which I pursued in preparation for a career in the television industry.

In conclusion, my strong writing skills and ability to interact with others, as well as my commitment to working in media, will allow me to effectively transition into the Page Program.

Again, thank you for your time. I look forward to hearing from you as the recruitment process continues. Sincerely, Thomas York york tcnj. On April 2, , we had the opportunity to discuss the summer sales internship experience. I am very interested in being considered. Since our last conversation, I have participated in a regional sales team competition, placing first out of eight teams. My role involved branding analysis and developing a marketing plan for targeted populations.

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Soni: Actually, I was initially interested in going into marketing, but after the very first semester, my focus shifted to finance. What was the outcome? Also, as it is important to keep open lines of communication with our customers, I will go out on sales calls to see what ADM products are working best for them or what could be changed. The economy in D. Name and address Your name and address on the cover letter should be the same as the one on your resume. The level of emphasis on finance or operations matters at a firm will influence not only the independence and authority of marketing managers, but also potential marketing career paths.